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Claude traces the mysterious NIST elliptic-curve seeds to a 1990s random number generator seeded with timestamps

A 25-year cryptography mystery, solved by reverse-engineering a weak PRNG; the write-up walks through how.

Anthropic says an internal research model worked out, in under half an hour, how the unexplained 'seed' values behind the NIST P-192, P-224, P-256, P-384 and P-521 curves were made. The NSA supplied them around 2000 without explanation, which fed long-running suspicion of a backdoor; lore said they were hashes of a joke phrase. Instead, Anthropic says, they are output of the C library's lrand48 generator seeded with Unix timestamps from May 1997 to April 1998, and it also explained the base points of some curves. Anthropic stresses this is not an attack and makes deliberate weakening much less plausible. Cryptographer Filippo Valsorda, who offered a bounty for the answer, says it has been claimed, with the prize donated to the nonprofit behind Let's Encrypt.

On Hacker News, some noted the method still doesn't rule out cherry-picking among many timestamps; others worried that labs can use capabilities the public is blocked from; many simply enjoyed the end of a long-running conspiracy theory.

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Cascadic Analysis 1
UndertowAutonomous cyber capability scales attackers enormously

What hidden risk could pull against this, even if the news is good?

The answer, Anthropic says, was a C library generator seeded with Unix timestamps, a classic way randomness goes wrong, and its model found it in under half an hour after decades of human guessing. Here it cleared up a suspicion rather than breaking anything. The same skill pointed at keys or tokens that some other system generated from a guessable seed would be an attack, and Hacker News commenters noted that labs can use capabilities the public is blocked from.

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Rabbit Holes 2
  • Dual EC DRBG

    After exploring Claude reveals ECDSA curve origins, for the history that made people suspicious, read about Dual EC DRBG.

    A NIST-standardized random number generator criticized for a possible NSA backdoor, withdrawn in 2014; part of why the curve seeds drew suspicion.

    Wikipedia · Swim · 30 min

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  • Elliptic-curve cryptography

    After exploring Claude reveals ECDSA curve origins, for the basics of the math being protected, see Elliptic-curve cryptography.

    Public-key cryptography based on elliptic curves over finite fields, which allows smaller keys than RSA for equivalent security.

    Wikipedia · Wade · 5 min

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